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我国无损检测(NDT)技术与国外的主要差距

发布时间:2022-08-04 10:44:05人气:

目前,估计我国从事无损检测技术的人员超过35万人,能够提供第三方检测的大大小小的检测公司超过6000家; 无损检测仪器设备年销售总额约30亿元; 培养近千名无损检测毕业生。



   中国已成为无损检测仪器和技术服务的巨大市场。 我国无损检测仪器制造企业众多,门类齐全。 可生产常规射线探伤仪、超声波探伤仪、超声波测厚仪、磁粉探伤仪、渗透探伤剂、涡流探伤仪和声发射探伤仪。  %。


  我国在实时射线成像技术、超声TOFD检测技术、超声相控阵检测技术、超声导波检测技术等诸多新型无损检测领域开展了技术引进、应用研究、检测标准制定和设备研制 .  、脉冲涡流检测技术、漏磁检测技术、磁记忆检测技术、声发射检测技术和红外热成像检测技术。


  我们在通过自身的研发努力和对世界先进无损检测技术的整合学习来提升自己,同时我们也认识到自己的不足。


  在仪器制造中


  与国外相比,我国一些先进的无损检测仪器系统的研发和制造能力还存在较大差距。 如射线检测CMOS实时成像板、相控阵超声检测系统、C扫描超声检测系统、超声导波和磁致伸缩超声导波检测系统、油罐底部MFL检测系统、管道MFL检测系统和脉冲涡流 检测系统等,国内还没有成熟的商品机销售,我国生产的各种履带与国外产品差距较大。


  在标准设置


  基本标准与国外的差距主要表现在数字射线探伤、涡流探伤、声发射探伤和红外探伤等方面。 产品标准在各个行业过于分散,没有完整的标准体系。


  在人才培养和资格认定方面


  国外一般都是由无损检测学会培训和考核,而我国开展人员培训和资格认定的部门太多,互不承认。 结果,我国的无损检测从业人员反复取证,浪费了大量的金钱和时间。


  在无损检测技术服务方面


  国外已经形成了一些大型的跨国专业检测公司,而在我国,只是近年来,特种设备行业才为一些专业无损检测公司提供了资质证书。 抗衡的力量。


  我国新增大型项目和建设项目较多,机械制造业十分活跃。 除了对常规无损检测仪器和技术的巨大需求外,对高科技无损检测仪器和技术的需求也很旺盛。 因此,有必要从国外大量进口。 与国外发达国家相比,我国在先进无损检测仪器制造、标准制定、人员资格认定、无损检测服务等方面仍存在较大差距。 国内无损检测同仁齐心协力。


At present, the personnel engaged in the work related to non-destructive testing technology in our country is estimated to be more than 350,000 people, there are more than 6000 large and small testing companies that can provide the third party testing; The annual sales volume of NDT equipment and equipment is about 3 billion Yuan; Every year, nearly one thousand non-destructive testing graduates are trained.

China has become a huge market for NDT instruments and technical services. There are many manufacturers of NDT instruments in China with complete categories. Can produce conventional radiographic flaw detector, ultrasonic flaw detector, ultrasonic thickness meter, magnetic powder flaw detector, penetration detection agent, eddy current detector and acoustic emission detector, equipment quality is reliable, stable performance, but the price is only 50~70% of similar foreign products.

China has carried out technology introduction, application research, testing standard formulation and equipment development in many new technologies of NDT. These new technologies include ray real-time imaging technology, ultrasonic TOFD detection technology, ultrasonic phased array detection technology, ultrasonic guided wave detection technology, pulsed eddy current detection technology, magnetic flux leakage detection technology, magnetic memory detection technology, acoustic emission detection technology and infrared thermal imaging detection technology.

We are improving ourselves through our own efforts in research and development, integration and learning with the world's advanced NDT technology, and we also recognize our own shortcomings.

In instrument manufacturing

There is still a big gap in the research and manufacturing capacity of some advanced non-destructive testing instruments systems in China compared with foreign countries. For example, there are no mature commercial machines sold in China, such as CMOS real-time imaging board for ray detection, phased array ultrasonic detection system, C-scan ultrasonic detection system, guided wave ultrasonic detection system and magnetostrictive ultrasonic guided wave detection system, magnetic flux leakage detection system of oil tank floor, magnetic flux leakage detection system of pipeline and pulsed eddy current detection system, etc. And at present there is a big gap between the crawlers made in China and foreign products.

In terms of standard setting

The gap between the basic standard and foreign standard is mainly in digital ray detection, eddy current detection, acoustic emission detection and infrared detection. Product standards each industry is too scattered, there is no complete standard system.

In terms of personnel training and accreditation

Foreign countries generally conduct training and assessment by a non-destructive testing institute. While there are many departments that carry out personnel training and qualification recognition, and each other do not recognize each other, which causes Chinese non-destructive testing personnel to repeat obtaining evidence, which wastes a lot of money and time

In nondestructive testing technical services

Foreign countries have formed some large scale multinational professional testing companies, but our country only in recent years the special equipment industry for some professional non-destructive testing companies qualification certificates, these professional non-destructive testing companies are small scale, but also do not have the strength to compete with foreign testing companies.

China there are many new large engineering and construction projects at present, machinery manufacturing industry is very active, in addition to conventional nondestructive testing instrument and has a huge demand, the high and new nondestructive testing instrument and also have strong demand of gold, so you need to import a lot of new equipment and technology from abroad, application and communication, efforts to improve the ability of scientific research and development, compared with the developed countries abroad, There is still a big gap in the manufacturing of advanced non-destructive testing instruments, standards formulation, personnel qualification and services of non-destructive testing. It is still necessary for domestic non-destructive testing colleagues to work together.


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